Points and suspension
Most states use a point system. Each violation adds a number of points to your record; accumulate too many points within a fixed period and your license is suspended automatically. New drivers usually have a lower point threshold than fully licensed adults — even one or two violations can suspend a permit or intermediate license.
How long things stay on the record
A typical moving violation stays on your driver record for three years. A serious offense like reckless driving or DUI stays for five to ten years depending on the state, and DUI may remain visible to insurers indefinitely. Crashes are recorded separately from violations and may stay for three to five years.
Insurance impact
Insurers price your policy based on your driving record. A single moving violation typically raises your premium 10 to 30 percent for three years. A DUI can raise your premium by several hundred percent and may make you ineligible for standard coverage entirely.
How to clean it up
Most states allow you to remove points by completing an approved defensive driving course. Some allow you to mask a minor violation from insurance reporting in exchange for a small fee. Check your state's specific rules through the DMV website.